VOLUME OF SEWAGE FOR DESIGN AND SCOPE, BASED ACCORDING TO IS:1742

The town and country planning department and the Urban Development department is responsible to follow design of town drains and sewers, where in, According to IS :1742 for large groups of houses, schools, public institutions, hospitals, factories etc maximum rate of flow of foul water for the design of sewers shall be taken three times the average dry weather flow, flowing half full with a minimum self cleaning velocity of 0.75m/sec . A good average Rule is to allow for a flow of liqued wastes from buildings at the rate of 0.03 cu. m /per minute per hundred persons based on a water consumption of 135 litres per headper day. The fundamental flaw in modern urban planning is the assumption made for the all required data based on users. Urban infrastructures, the actual data and blueprint of the area covered and designed for the city, is often conceived for the established residents, rendering the new residents invisible , where in it is necessary to have future scope on the captioned subject and based on the assumptions for the right documentary calculations, in this behalf of the design and scope, however it is regretted for the complaints on the captioned subject of this invisibility and copounded by a lack of culturally diverse governance. When local bodies and planning department as well as members of the scheduled committees fail to reflect on the actual vision of the metropolis homogenous perspectives inevitabily dominate plans for profoundly heterogeneous spaces. Planning for the schools, transport hubs or other public places often missed for the marking by the planning department in addition to others concern and not recognises the institutions with prospective number of users, remaining busy , whetein, it is necessary to reimagine the situation and position of the such missing infrastructure of the cities. As far as volume of sewage is concerned, it is based on the consumption of water and it is generally assumed that half of the daily consumption of water occurs within six hours and this gives an average peak consumption of daily consumption as per related formula based on the capacity of sewers, however , an average sewage flow of 135 litres per capita per day (including bath and sullage water) may serve  for most of the towns:-- Er Fateh chand Guleria, Director RTI welfare Association registered number HPCD, 3552 , Bilaspur Himachal pradesh phone number, 9459334377