WHERE SECTIONS OF RETAINING WALLS ARE MUCH REDUCED, THE ANCHOR RODS ARE EMBEDDED IN CONCERT BLOCK OF SUFFICIENT AREA AND SITUATED BEYOND PLANE OF RUPTURE.

RETAINING WALL WITH BACK-ANCHORING:-- In case the earth to be retained is of considerable height, anchor rods are provided at the back of the wall approximately at 1/3rd the height of the Retaining wall to reduce the Bending moments and Shear force in the vertical slab where by sections are much reduced. The anchor rods are embedded in concrete block of sufficient area and situated beyond plane of rupture so that the frictional force on the concrete block exceeds the tension in the rod. The area of rod is obtained by dividing tensile force in rod, by allowable stress which may be taken as 140 N/mm square. The tension in the rod is found by assuming the Bending moment at the foot of the stem, as zero. The rod is connected to the stem through vertical beams or horizontal beams. In case of connection of tie rods to vertical beams, the stem is designed as a continuous slab between the vertical beams. A vertical beam is designed as cantilever. Above the rod it is subjected to earth pressure taken by the stem between two beams and below the rod it is subjected to earth pressure taken by the stem between the beams and tensile force in tie rod. In case of connection of rod to horizontal beams the stem is designed to act as cantilever subjected to the earth pressure above the horizontal beam. The portion below the horizontal beam is designed as cantilever subjected to earth pressure and the force in the rod. The horizontal beam is designed as a continuous beam supported by the tie rods. The base is subjected to load of earth on the heal, self-load of the stem and base and any difference in horizontal earth pressure and the tension in the tie rod. The tie rod is fixed at h/3 for design consideration of the tension in tie rod, areaof steel required and the area of anchor block.

HORIZONTAL AND THE VERTICAL BEAMS ARE CONNECTED WITH CONCRETE BLOCK WHERE THE RETAINING WALLS ARE OF CONSIDERABLE HEIGHT AND DESIGNED FOR THE BACK-ANCHORING.

RETAINING WALL WITH BACK-ANCHORING :-- When the earth to be retained is of considerable height, anchor rods are provided at the back of the wall approximately at one third the height of the retaining wall to reduce the BM and SF in the vertical slab where by sections are much reduced .The anchor rods are embedded in concrete block of sufficient area and situated beyond plane of rupture so that the frictional force on the concrete block exceeds the tension in the rod .The area of rod is obtained by dividing tensile force existing in the rod by allowable stress which may be taken as 140 square mm.The tension in the rod is found by assuming the BM at the foot of the stem as zero .The rod is connected to the stem through vertical beams or horizontal beams.In case of the connection of tie rods to vertical beams , the stem is designed as a continuous slab between the vertical beams.A vertical beam is designed as Cantilever. Above the rod it is subjected to earth pressure taken by the stem between the beams and tensile force in tie rod .In case of connection of rod to horizontal beams the stem is designed to act as Cantilever subjected to the earth pressure above the horizontal beam .The portion below the horizontal beam is designed as Cantilever subjected to earth pressure and the force in the rod .The horizontal beam is designed as a continuous beam supported by the tie rods .The base is subjected to load of earth on the heal , self load of the stem and base and any difference in horizontal earth pressure and the tension in the tie rod.

Construction of R/wall to protect public tap, footpath and houses of villagers in Kathuin

A request  and representation  for the  construction  of the  Retaining  wall to protect  public  tap foot path and existing  houses of the villagers was made with the Deputy  Commissioner Bilaspur  HP with provisos  to demand  under public  utility during  the  financial  year 1914--15 from where matter  referred to the Project  officer DRDA Bilaspur vide number BLS - C&E - A(1)/07-33088 dated 09-07-2015 to verify  the facts   and figures  and decide  matter accordingly and in accordingly  case file referred  to the BDO Jhandutta vide IRD number - 2169 dated 05-10-2015 to decide  pending  issue  and matter and review  complaint of the applicant immediately  submitted  under  E - Samadhan number RD/2015267 dated 24-06-2015 The  BDO Jhandutta  then recommended  case file of estimate  amounting  to Rs 116600 for necessary  sanction  and approval of the expenditure  sanction  Keeping  in view the necessity  and urgency  of the proposed  Retaining  wall necessary  sanction as well as approval   was granted  by  the worthy Deputy  Commissioner  Bilaspur  vide number  52616-19 dated 23-11-2015 and the pending  work for the proposed  R/Wall  accordingly done by the BDO Jhandutta  as demanded by  the  applicant  to reconstruct  the structure  as it was previously  constructed  by the villagers in the  courses of stones and  levelling  course  of the cement concrete along with the bonds of the cement  mortar And the demand under  the  public  utility  accepted  and work  has been  done  as per the  prescription  made by code and specifications for which  the community development sector A/A and E/S was accorded under the  Head SDP.